Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as quicklime. It is a white powder with caustic properties, alkaline and crystalline at room temperature. Minerals containing calcium are called lime, in which carbonates, oxides and
hydroxides of calcium, silicon, magnesium, aluminum and iron are dominant.
In contrast, quicklime is used specifically for the chemical synthesis of calcium oxide. Calcium oxide that survives unreacted processing in
building products such as cement is called free lime.
Calcium oxide usually comes from the thermal decomposition of materials such as limestone or sea shells that contain calcium carbonate (CaCO3); mineral calcite is made.
In this process, the material is heated to a temperature above 825 degrees Celsius (1517 degrees Fahrenheit) in the furnace and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is released and quicklime remains.
It is done according to the following equation:
CaCO 3 (s) → CaO(s) + CO 2 (g)
The main use of calcium oxide is in the steel production process, in the production of concrete and cement blocks, as well as in paper making, as a reagent in laboratories for dehydration, precipitation reaction, as an
additive in the food industry.
CaO is cheap and available as an alkali. About 50% of the total production of quicklime is converted to calcium hydroxide before use. Quicklime and hydrated lime is used in drinking water purification, and calcium oxide is also used for desulfurization.